Should we imagine the Bible to be outside of culture?

Authority is neither outside of Biblical authors, or their historical context, nor does it bequeath them with omniscience. (BTW Jesus is not a Biblical author. He IS the word of God already.)

In Christian theology part of canon is related to apostolicity and inspiration is organic, not mechanical.

Maybe it’s helpful to ask the question, is universal applicability possible in human speech?

This quest, or expectation I think is a huge stumbling block for people in terms of embracing an idea of an authoritative text. It goes something like this.

If God were to write a book it would have to be culture and context neutral, otherwise it would not be worthy of God or it would reveal an exclusivism on the part of God. For God to tie himself down to one people, or even start with one people, he would be unfair. Because by definition God can’t be unfair, therefore the Bible can’t be from God.

Look at the Mormon and Muslim approach to scripture. The Quran can’t be translated because it is the words of God. If you want to hear God talk, learn ancient Arabic.

I have two problems with this, one philosophical and the other theological.

Philosophical:

If God communicated with us outside of culture, we couldn’t understand it anyway. Look at the nature of culture and the nature of what it means to be human. You laugh at jokes within your culture. You cry at movies within your culture. You can only understand, or have meaning within your culture.

Culture then seems like a huge barrier. OK, read the OT. One way to understand the great transition between Gen 1-11 and 12 onward is God’s approach to working with people. In Gen 5-9 God deals with people in the abstract except for Noah who gets obvious preferential treatment. It is a failure. In Genesis 12 God moves in close.

What God wants from creation (Gen 1:26f, Isa 60) is culture. He is the creator and we are his image bearing stewards and he shares culture making with us. That is what it means to be human. (I don’t know if apes make culture, definitely not on our level though.)

Deep within our modern love of science is the idolatrous hope of transcending culture via science. Ever see the movie “Contact” where we try to communicate with extra terrestrials by means of math and science? Science does help us transcend culture but it can never pay out according to the depth of human culture that even small children enjoy. Science is a wonderful tool but it’s range is limited (by definition) to the empirical world. As long as we’ve had human culture we’ve been playing far outside of those lines and we’re not going to stop.

Theological

Incarnation is deep within Christianity. God with us is the means of our rescue and the goal of our rescue. Unlike pantheism, we are not identical with God (good thing!). God better than that and our hearts yearn for communion with God (Augustine).

God writes himself into his story and to do so culture and language are his vehicle. This is the only way God could do it and still be with us. John Calvin notes repeatedly that God must accommodate himself to us and for us.

Why is this so good for us? Our capacity to enjoy culture is magnified by our knowledge of it (you need awareness of at least 2 cultures to know of culture) and as we learn that God is both above our culture but also comes to us within it we get a greater vision of how great this culture making God is. (Read Richard Mouw’s “When the Kings come Marching In).

The cultural particularism of the Bible is clearly a challenge for us, because no one reading this blog is part of the original cultures of the intended audience of the Bible. What we must grow up into then (as individuals and communities) is learning how to relate cross-culturally, and therefore learn a new skill from God.

Plato was wrong and so were the Greeks. This God is a gardener that likes getting his hands dirty, enjoys getting to know his children one by one, puts the pictures and poems of his kids on the fridge, and talks to them in terms we can understand. In fact, he sometimes talks to us through us even when we don’t know it’s happening.

Lots of things can be communicated across a span of cultures, but culture is one of God’s richest gifts and our capacity for culture making one of his chief ambitions for us. Just like with a parent, as God speaks to us, we’re learning, bonding, relating, growing, glorifying and enjoying all he while, we hope. pvk

Posted in philosophical reflection, Saved Blog Comments, Understanding the Bible | 1 Comment

Links and Quotes from Calvin Festival of Faith and Writing 2012

One of these years I’ll get there. My parents and my sister Lori drove from Whitinsville MA in a Prius. Good Dutch immigrant thrift and practicality. My father reports and average of 50 miles per gallon.

Twitter is a good source of links. The hash tag is #ffwgr

The official website is http://festival.calvin.edu/festival-2012, also the official blog of the conference. 

Ellen Painter Dollar at patheos

Marilynne Robinson:

  • For many Americans, “the claiming of a religious identity has become more important than abiding in what that identity implies.”
  • “People are gracious toward religious expression that is gracious to them.”
  • “It is terrible to approach the world as a place antagonistic to what we value and believe.
  • “We are huddled in psycho-emotional bomb shelters despite having very little to fear.”
  • The prevailing notion of patriotism implies that “real patriots hate most of the people in their country.”
  • Our culture of fear has allowed us to justify pre-emptive violence, such as “Stand Your Ground” and “shall carry” gun laws. Essentially, we are encouraged to ask ourselves, “Which image of God has gotten on your nerves enough that you need to carry a gun?”

CS Monitor: and one on Jonathan Safran Foer

Michelle Van Loon

Sandra Hesha King

Charity Singleton

Ann Kroeker: Why Do I Keep Coming Back

Kristin Tennant on The writer vs. fear Some good quotes from Ann Voskamp in this one.

One of the things apparent in watching the Twitter feed was that the Ann Voskamp presentation was amazing. My parents went to that and thought so too.

Addie Zierman: When “Worship Service” looks like a Festival

Heather: L’Chaim to the Dance of Life: Magic and Craft

Books & Culture on the Festival. 

Caris Adel: Notes from A Conference Day 2, Notes from A Conference  She’s posting a lot of her notes! Nice! And the Final Day.

David Clark: On the Possible Benefits of Resentment

Comments from Stan Vander Klay

Some comments and memories from my father on the Marilynne Robinson lecture that he posted on Calvin in Common

Marilyn Robinson in her plenary address “Casting Out Fear” (“there is no fear in love, for perfect love drives out fear….[I John 4:18]) took on “an increasing amount of fear in this culture,” and applied it specifically to the anxiety of Christians who believe that there is “a plot against religion” in our nation. She gave a suggestive mention of Fox News as stimulating that fear.

A sidebar to that is our fear of engaging with those of other religions (Islam etc.) as well as with those who declare themselves as having no religion. Common-sensically she said she found “more commonality” with those of other faiths than those of no faith as we engage either in respectful conversation about their alternative visions of the meaning of life. In her experience, she said that “…people are more than happy to be gracious to one who is gracious to them.” (Touche!) Her challenge was, “How much do we trust the religious faith we abide by?” She asked, “How much difference would it make in the world if we did?”

In general she opined that “fear is a stimulating focus. You get used to fearing and learn to accept it…” as your reality. “By historical standards our level of threat is small,” she said. “Why not enjoy it?”

Examples of the distortions of fear she cited were
1) “Patriotic enmity,” meaning the notion that “if you’re a real patriot you have to hate most Americans,” (who in your opinion are not patriotic enough.).
2) “Pre-emptive violence.” (Think our motivation to invade Iraq. Or the fear capitalized on by the NRA.)
It strikes me that the above as examples of “fear as a stimulating focus” become self-fulfilling prophecies of course.

Robinson counseled a “Calvinist Restraint” which sees everyone as an image-bearer of God will encourage “respect for those you may encounter.” “So, let’s talk ourselves out of a culture of fearfulness, because if you’re frightened….you don’t trust God.”

She speaks in a relaxed manner, a down-to-earth casualness, with a twinkle in her eye. In an interview on a later occasion with audience participation at the end of it, someone challenged her mention of Fox News suggesting that many of her listeners appreciate it. She simply answered with almost a shrug in her voice, “Well, I have to speak the truth as I see it.”

Stan

Notes from Ginger Fisher, my friend from CRC-Voices and Upstate NY

One Festival session that is sticking with me is the talk by Craig Barnes…”Writing for the Elder Brother.”
He’s been a Presbyterian pastor for 30 years, and his congregations
have mostly been made up of elder brothers…those who grew up in the church, don’t have dramatic conversion stories, have followed the rules and been good. Have boring confessions and can’t be molded into the prodigal son. (although some preachers try to do that) Their besetting sin is *anxiety.* Goodness of life depends on what one does.

Have you noticed that Jesus is not hard on doubters but scolds people who fear? Like the one who buried his one talent. Over and over we hear, “Do not fear!”

The elder brothers are always trying to choose the better life.
Self-constructed. Happiness is the goal.– “How can I be happier?”
Successful choices will never be successful enough.

People can’t be argued out of fear. It is not rational. They must
be loved out of fear. “Perfect Love casts out fear.”

Elder brothers think they deserve to be loved and are crushed
when bad things happen to them. And they happen.

Elder brothers need affirmation.
We tend to like dramatic people, not good people.
We don’t see their anxiety.
We need to appreciate their good choices.

That’s some what Craig Barnes said, and he used wonderful stories
to illustrate. He is an engaging pastor, preacher, and writer.
He knows his audience. since most of us at the festival were elder brothers who need to be reminded, ” Fear Not!”
It helped me.
Ginger

Posted in Links, Quotations | 2 Comments

Links and Thoughts for April 23

Broad US Cultural Analysis

How Americans Lost Trust in our Greatest Institutions. 

Muncie is a microcosm of a nation whose motto could be, “In Nothing We Trust.” Seven in 10 Americans believe that the country is on the wrong track; eight in 10 are dissatisfied with the way the nation is being governed. Only 23 percent have confidence in banks, and just 19 percent have confidence in big business. Less than half the population expresses “a great deal” of confidence in the public-school system or organized religion.

“We have lost our gods,” says Laura Hansen, an assistant professor of sociology at Western New England University in Springfield, Mass. “We lost [faith] in the media: Remember Walter Cronkite? We lost it in our culture: You can’t point to a movie star who might inspire us, because we know too much about them. We lost it in politics, because we know too much about politicians’ lives. We’ve lost it — that basic sense of trust and confidence — in everything.”

Peggy Noonan on America’s Crisis of Character. 

Youth Ministry

Modern Youth Ministry a 50 year failed experiment article.


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Insecure allergic reactionaries

This is the human condition.

We long to be seen but are terrified of rejection or judgment.

When Jesus says “broad is the road that leads to destruction” he is not exaggerating. There are more ways into hell than there are into heaven.

This offends us.

If we can learn from this offense then there is hope for us.

We are offended by the idea that we are wrong, we are blind, we are misguided, we are easily led astray. Our offense becomes a protest. We wish to be left to our own devices and we wish the world to be our device. CS Lewis’ picture of Hell in the Great Divorce is the world we desire. We’ve been this way since birth, but learned to inform the world of this when found the word “no”.

There can be no creature in the universe as offensive as God. Perhaps the angry atheists are the only honest observers. Thousands of years of attempted domestication has led us to project a God onto the sky, just like Freud said.

The favor we ask of God is to leave us to our idols, our imaginations, the God of our reflected selves who keeps whispering to us that all we need is our own self and an accommodating world.

The missionary God must always look offensive, it is a strange combination of delusion and grace when we don’t kill him or flee from him. Christianity has always credited the Holy Spirit for this.

Christians are not called to be offensive. There is no need of that, offense will be taken. Why take on extra work?

Christians are called to love. Unfortunately we are bad at it. Even more unfortunate so is everyone else.

The more you grow into Christ, the more obvious your incapacity to love will become to yourself. It has always been this way, read biographies of the saints.

A true saint has an enormous capacity for honesty regarding their own brokenness. That comes from seeing God more clearly. You must be enormously joyful to see your own brokenness and endure it.

The irony and tragedy of hell and its foothills is that you can think of nothing other than your self while at the same time not being able to see yourself. It is like thirsting for the color yellow.

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Links and Notes from April 20 2012

Pondering the age of decay is good for your health. 🙂

Yesterday, a tweet from the Calvin College Faith and Writing conference (which I hope to one day be able to attend!) You will never love art well until you love what it mirrors better. Quoting Ruskin Thanks Brandon Hoops.

Peggy Noonan on America’s Crisis of Character. 

Books and Culture review of Bad Religion.

Terrific piece on Christopher Nolan, the Dark Knight and Bleakness and Richness. Batman

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Loving One’s Enemy is Central to Basic Christianity

The longer I ponder the miracle of the gospel, the more I see that love of enemy is not some optional merit badge in advanced, exceptional Christian practice, but rather the very basis itself. We made no greater enemy and no other enemy than God himself and it required the Son of God himself at no lesser expense than the cost of his life to get us back into the family. Why we imagine that we can finesse, negotiate or fudge our way through the inevitable conflicts of life in order to avoid loving our enemy is only attributable to the ever present blinding nature of sin.

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Playing the Victim as Perversion of Created Identity and the Gospel

Part of what we have unfortunately learned from our broader culture is manipulative tactic of playing the victim. This tactic I think is an ironic perversion of one of the most important gospel additions to our culture which is respect for the weak out of their inherent value by virtue of the image of God. When we internalize a victim mentality and appropriate it as an element of our identity we devolve further from our inheritance of created goodness. We recognize that the use of power to advantage oneself at the expense of another image bearer is a violation of the rights of the other by virtue of what the creator has bestowed upon them, in playing the victim we rob from our own status in order to injure the other through manipulation. Out of vengeance we try to pervert weakness and the power of the powerless. It is a parody of the Gospel power of weakness.

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On Conflict and Convincing and another proof of the existence of Hell

Following a post on the CRC Network over Women in Office and Classis that I knew would be conflicted.

We all have our points of view and one of the things we desire from language and deliberation is the possibility of influence and shared perspective. Even in this comment stream we’ve seen that (and we knew it already of course) that words are often insufficient to change someone’s perspective no matter how much we try. Part of this amazing gift of agency we’ve been given is the decision to remain where we will.

So often we imagine “If I can only help them to SEE the world as I know it THEN they will agree with me and we will be together. We SO long for this, and sometimes it never happens. For me this is the greatest experiential proof we have of the existence of hell. Sometimes there is no talking us in or out of something. Sometimes we either can’t see or won’t see, which means we are left to ourselves.

I often remind my congregation that the LORD can make this vast universe with his word, and Jesus can calm the sea with a word, but look how even God gets frustrated, and speaks and speaks and speaks and how we resist him. In one short chapter God makes the world, but spends the rest of the long book of the Bible trying to talk us into seeing ourselves from His perspective.

 

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Why I respect complementarians

The women in church office debate continues within the CRC even after the church opened up the offices. I hosted a specific debate over how this plays out in some classes  and it continues to be discussed on CRC-Voices, prompted by my posting of a wonderful piece by a female CRC Minister.

Here are a couple of posts I made to the conversation on Voices.

Post 1

I too hope that your churches that are not availing themselves of your gifts would do so. I’d love to have Cathy or Diane as an elder in my church. If you decide to relocate to Sacramento and join Living Stones you’ll probably get the chance.

As was noted many times in this debate this is not a “men vs. women” thing in general. In my experience in the KWOO churches just as many women are in the KWOO camp as men.

I’ve been an ethnic minority in most of the neighborhoods I’ve lived in most of my life. I remember many times in the DR especially receiving special treatment, sometimes positive, sometimes negative because of my appearance. It still happens today. Even in this broader culture it is assumed because I’m a large, white male that I have grown accustomed to privileged treatment and therefore … (fill in the blank)… must be true of me. I’m me, not a category or a label.

When I think about pain and regret most of the deeper things don’t come from discrimination done against me by virtue of my demographics, they come from mistakes I’ve made. If someone treats me poorly because I’m tall, white, have a Dutch last name (not much Dutch about me really) then for the most part that is on them. They are responding to stuff in their own heads, right or wrong. The more deeply troubling biases people have against me are those done by virtue of mistakes they can legitimately place on me as an individual, not on my group. Those are more difficult to deal with.

Church leadership is often cruciform, maybe that’s why so many men who are expected to assume it wear the yoke so uneasily. If someone doesn’t like me because I’m a man, that’s on them. If someone doesn’t want me to be their pastor or the leader of an organization they participate in because of things more individual to myself, well those cause me to examine myself more carefully.

Our church has a good number of men that have been former elders. In many ways they continue to be elders even when not in office. We’ve got some women who are elders but have never served. They’ve been asked numerous times but have declined because they didn’t want to offend precious friends who were against women in office in our church. I don’t like their decision, the church is lesser for their decision, but I must respect it. The last three elders (we have 2 at a time) we’ve had are all women. They’ve done a great job and I’ve really been able to see how they execute their office differently than men do. They are more pastoral, less organizational. That’s probably not as due to gender as background experience of the individuals. The women have had years of experience of care and nurture. The men usually have experience in business and organizations. Both gifts are needed for the church.

Part of the reason I’ve got sympathies for the complementarian position is because of my experience with women elders. Ideally I want both men elders and women elders because they bring different things to the office and serve in different ways in the church.

I also tell incoming elders that at least initially their jobs seem to look easier than the deacons, but that can all change in a minute. Elders in my experience share the same kind of exposure as pastors to criticism because they oversee in areas of greater complexity sometimes.

Post 2

The heart of the complementarian observation is that the genders are different and have different things to contribute. In that case you are making a complementarian argument and accepting their assertion.

Those complementarians that assert that women shouldn’t be permitted to primary leadership in the church (elders) essentially say:

1. men and women have different things to offer.
2. there is a mysterious reason that God has for withholding that position from women.

Now I can subscribe to 1, but not to 2.

At the same time point 2 is tricky because Christians hold lots of beliefs that we can’t explain but simply try to take on “faith” and in those cases either 1) develop rationales for those positions or 2) simply hold them because “God says so”. Even when we develop a rationale we often state that 2 trumps 1. Rationales change over time, but we hold to the practice because God says so.

We are dealing with a lot of these kinds of issues in the church. extra-marital sex, sabbath observance, etc.

Growing up I’d hear stories about faithful Dutch Christians who wouldn’t lie to Nazis about the fact that they were hiding Jews (because they didn’t lie because God said not to) and somehow mysteriously the Nazis didn’t look or find them. I can’t verify any of these stories but within our CRC culture deeply impacted by piety these stories reinforce a position of “rely on God, be obedient to God, even when you don’t know why.”

There is something deeply important about that impulse and I know that this is the impulse that leads many people to not embrace women in office. I won’t criticize them for that impulse even if I disagree with their conclusion. A lot of the Christian life is about obedience even when we don’t know why and sometimes in spite of “common sense”. There are plenty of other issues around where this dynamic is similarly holding true and we view it as virtue, not bigotry.

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Links and Notes from April 18 2012

Rachel Held Evan’s blog has become a nice place to have conversations about some of the issues pressing 20 somethings who grew up in American evangelical churches. Today’s post “Better Conversations between churched and un-churched Christians” is another good posting in that long conversation.

John Suk with a nice, basic primer about pastors and counseling.

Another treatment of Douthat’s new book.

Is asteroid mining in our future? 

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